Aim. In the article the authors analyze the issues of teaching gifted children computer science in the context of the current problem of IT specialists' shortage in Russia. The aim of the article is to present the components of the educational process, which, according to the authors, should be included in the programs for teaching gifted children in computer science in high school. Methods. The research is based on the study of scientific literature on the problem of teaching computer science as a course of professionally oriented education, analysis and generalization of the findings. Results. The article presents the results of a critical analysis and development of methods for working with schoolchildren to ensure the formation of primary information and communication skills. Conclusions. The authors list the components of the educational process, the inclusion of which will provide the foundation for the subsequent profes­sional training of students in the field of information technology, as well as create conditions for achieving long-term goals at the level of state interests.

The aim is to identify and systematize typical mistakes of students studying Russian as a foreign language. Methods. The research methods are the following: observation, theoretical analysis, generalization, socio-pedagogical, aimed at identifying the most typical speech errors of students in the process of learning Russian as a foreign language. Results. The article discusses the difficulties that students face in the process of learning Russian as a foreign language. Such difficulties are caused by the peculiari­ties of the structural and typological structure, on the one hand, of the Russian language and, on the other hand, of the native language of foreign students. At the same time, the characteristic difficulties in mastering Russian as a foreign language by students are manifested in the form of typical phonetic, grammatical and lexical errors in their oral and written speech. The nature and causes of mistakes are investigated. The importance of the role of a teacher of Russian as a foreign language is emphasized. Conclusion. Successful mastery of the Russian as a foreign language by students is determined by forecasting, taking into account typical phonetic, grammatical and lexical errors and seeking the optimal ways to overcome them.

The aim of this study is to analyze the problems of permissible punishment in the upbringing of children. The article is aimed at discussing various approaches to punishment, their effectiveness and possible psychological consequences for the child. Methods. Analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, study, comparison, systematization of scientific data, pedagogical experiment, observation, observation, design. Results. In the course of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that it is important to remember that effective education includes not only punishment, but also positive impact, perception, training in correct behavior and reasonable use of punishment as an instrument. Conclusions. Further research and the search for new methods will contribute to the development of positive and healthy relation­ships in the family and better upbringing of children.

Aim. The article discusses the features of the higher school education system, traditional and innovative approach in teaching. Methods: The study of the impact of innovative approaches included both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The choice of appropriate methods allowed us to ob­tain the most accurate and complete data for understanding the impact of the innovative approach of teaching on students and the educational process as a whole. Results. An innovative approach allows students to develop skills and competencies that are in demand in modern society, such as critical thinking, communication, creativity and problem solving. Conclusion. The integration of modern technologies into the educational process enriches the educational material and makes learning more interesting and accessible. This can be the use of interactive whiteboards, online courses, webinars, multimedia presentations and other digital tools. Technologies also make it possible to organize distance learning and expand the educa­tion boundaries. The application of an innovative approach allows the educational process to be more flexible, interesting and relevant to the current challenges and needs of students and society as a whole.

Aim. The study of the interdisciplinary connections nature for natural science and humanities education, which are considered as a means of oldest classes scholboys' socialization. Methods. This study uses the method of logical thinking and comparative analysis. Results. All three key components of student development are considered: intellectual abilities; communication skills; creative activity skills. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the interdisciplinary connections nature, 7 pronounced signs of socialization of oldest classes schoolboys were established.

The aim of the study is to consider increasing the cognitive interest of primary school students through the use of modern pedagogical technologies. Methods. When working on the stated topic, we used such methods as: Analysis of literature on the formation of primary school students' cognitive interest and the use of modern pedagogical technologies in foreign language lessons, as well as methods of observation, study and generalization of pedagogical experience. Result. Analyzing and summarizing the peda­gogical experience of the authors, it can be stated that the various game forms used in the lesson allow us to qualitatively diversify the process of learning English, make it interesting and exciting, since games, in fact, are a natural environment for primary school students. Conclusion. The use of health-saving technologies guarantees the creation of a psychologically and emotionally approving atmosphere in the classroom, which is a sufficient condition for extracting the latest knowledge and maintaining a stable cognitive inter­est in students when learning a foreign language.

The main aim of the study is to identify the features of paremias for faster learning of the English language and to facilitate the learning process through a language-oriented approach, as well as the need to prove how knowledge of paremias affects the expansion of the idea of the mentality and ideo­logical foundations of the nation and contributes to building mutually tolerant relationships. In accordance with the purpose, the authors used a variety of methods - from cognitive to complex interpretation, discursive and communopragmatic analysis. The results of the study allow us to talk about increasing motivation to learn the language, about immersion not only in the grammatical nuances of English, but also in the mental nature of the language, since paremias are a concentrated clot of the treasury of the language. Conclusions. The features of paremias are identified and described, a tool for identifying ethnic nuances of the language is presented.

The aim of the article is to identify the levels of social responsibility, as well as to disclose the factors of their formation. Methods. Within the framework of writing this article, both general scientific methods and special pedagogical methods were used, which allowed us to analyze scientific-methodological and psychological-pedagogical literature, compare and generalize. Results. This study allows us to identify the levels of social responsibility that characterize the introduction to the system of cultural and traditional values, the formation of morality universal norms, the development of internal freedom and awareness of the need to comply with law and order, respect for the law, the development of social responsibility for the performance of professional and social duty, as well as the disclosure of their formation factors. Conclusions. The development of individual social responsibility is a continuous process that takes place throughout life. The basis for the formation of social responsibility.

Aim. The article considers the essence, main aspects, components and levels of the project-heuristic activity of the future teacher. Methods: the study of design and heuristic activities included both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The choice of appropriate methods made it possible to ob­tain the most accurate and complete data for understanding the impact of this teaching method on stu­dents and the educational process as a whole. Results. Project-heuristic activity helps to form independent and active individuals who are able to think critically and successfully cope with the challenges of the mod­ern world. The application of the project-heuristic method enriches the educational process, develops students as individuals, teaches them to be active and prepares them for a successful life in modern society. Conclusion. It is important to note that the successful implementation of project-heuristic activities requires preparation and support from the future teacher. The teacher must create the right conditions for working on projects, provide the necessary resources and guidance, and be ready to support and motivate students throughout the process.

The aim of the article is to analyze and evaluate the publication activity of the departments of DSPU Faculty of Physical Culture and Life Safety. Methods: statistical method, analysis of literature on the subject of research, comparison and generalization. Result. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the publication activity of the teaching staff at DSPU Faculty of Physical Culture and Life Safety for 2018-2022, conducted on the basis of the Russian Science Citation Index database, Information materials for the meeting of the Academic Council "The main indicators of research activities of Dagestan State Pedagogical University and its structural units" for the last 5 years, as well as information materials of reports of heads of departments on research activities for 2022. The degree of adequacy for the application of quantitative and qualitative indicators (advantages and disadvantages) in the publication activity of the teaching staff of the departments as key criteria in assessing achievements in research activities is shown. Conclusion. The problem of publication activity of higher school teachers remains relevant and requires constant attention. The quantitative and qualitative indicators of the publication activity of the teaching staff revealed by the results of the study reflect the current state of the departments publication productivity at the Faculty of Physical Culture and Life Safety. The relevance of the results of the analysis and research materials generalization carried out by the authors, reflecting, among other things, factors affecting the productivity of the teaching staff publication activity, suggest their informational value, significance and suitability for practical use by the heads of departments in planning and managing the research work of teachers and students.

Aim. To reveal the main means, forms and necessary conditions that contribute to the formation and development of students' aesthetic culture. Methods. Comparison and study of educational, methodological and research literature, observation and correlation of arts and crafts and art and decorative products. Result. The process of formation and development of aesthetic culture has always been and will be relevant, since the level of each individual person's culture depends on the general level of culture of society as a whole. Of particular importance in the formation of an aesthetic attitude to reality is the aes­thetic ideal as a goal and model that stimulates the conscious desire for sophistication and perfect beauty. One of the driving pedagogical means of formation and development of aesthetic culture is art. It allows you to connect people of different faiths and, regardless of age, interests, characteristics, language, nationality, unite them together. From these positions, art is one of the main and necessary components of the educational cycle of the pedagogical system, aimed at the formation of the students' aesthetic culture. Conclusion. Aesthetic education of students is a process aimed at developing the aesthetic emotional-sensory and value consciousness of the individual and the activities corresponding to it. Aesthetic education is one of the components of a holistic pedagogical process, and is designed to form in students the desire and ability to build their lives based on aesthetics and the laws of beauty.

The aim of this article is to identify the conditions for the development of project-heuristic competence of teachers. Methods. As part of writing this article, the analysis and synthesis of data from psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature on the problem of research, regulatory documents on innovative processes in education, generalization and systematization of advanced pedagogical experi­ence were used. Results. The development of the project-heuristic competence of the teacher is considered by us as a complex integrated process aimed at understanding the motives, needs for the effective use of the means of project activities in the professional sphere, which involves mastering theoretical knowledge and understanding the essence of design; practical mastery of the ways and means of achieving and discovering innovations and innovations; willingness and ability to apply new professional experience in the implementation of specific practice-oriented tasks; awareness of the compliance of the level of their pro­fessional capabilities and skills with the level necessary for the high-quality implementation of design and heuristic activities. Conclusion. Since educators must acquire skills and abilities for the practical implemen­tation of principles and approaches, as well as apply methods and methods for implementing project-heuristic activities in their future professional field. From these positions, project-heuristic competence is a factor in the formation of socially significant knowledge and skills that will create the basis for further successful professional activity and will contribute to their awareness of the need for constant self-realization and self-education.

The aim of the article is to analyze the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of chil­dren who went through military operations, and to determine the distinguishing features of the professional activity of a teacher with such children. Methods. Analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological sources, survey, content analysis. Result. Recommendations have been developed for teachers to interact with children from war zones with different manifestations of post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion. The teacher's work with children who faced military operations is focused on the children integration into the educational process, taking into account their psychological and pedagogical characteristics caused by post-traumatic stress disorder.

The aim of the article is to substantiate the technologies of mixed learning in the formation of communicative universal educational actions of 5-7grades students. Methods. The study of psychological and pedagogical literature devoted to the idea of communicative universal educational activities (UEA) and the specifics of its formation. Analysis and generalization of the obtained results of literature research, according to which, we identified three key components that determine the formation of communication skills, which included emotive, cognitive and behavioral components. Results. As the results of the study, the indicators of a psychological and pedagogical experiment devoted to the formation of communicative universal educational actions among students are presented. Two models of the construction of extracurricular activities of students are proposed, the data of the event are given, the evaluation of the results obtained is given, reflecting the specifics of the formation of elements of communicative UEA. Conclusions. As a conclusion, we can conclude that blended learning can significantly diversify the educational process, improve the dynamics of the educational process and can act as an effective technology for the formation of students' UEA. However, the results of using mixed learning, in comparison with the traditional learning model, remain quite low, which allows us to say that the conditions for using mixed learning technologies have not been sufficiently identified and there is a need for accelerated development of knowledge, skills, and elements of communicative UEA.

Aim. The authors of the study raise the issue of using the capabilities of social networks in the process of teaching Afghan students Russian as a foreign language. Accordingly, the purpose of the study is to study the features of the use of social networks in the process of teaching Afghans Russian as a foreign language. Methods. This research is based on the study of scientific literature devoted to the problem of the use of social networks in the educational process, the analysis of pedagogical practice materials, the analysis and generalization of the findings. Results. Determining the importance of improving the tech­nologies of language teaching using social networks, the authors state that in the current conditions there are no studies devoted to the use of social networks in the process of teaching specifically residents of Af­ghanistan. However, as the researchers note, the specific difficulty in teaching Afghans the Russian language is that the writing and use of written speech causes the greatest difficulties for students. Taking into account the specifics of social networks, the authors of the study describe the results of their own work in terms of cooperation with students of two universities in Kabul. Conclusion. Russian as a foreign language based on this experience and the analysis of studies on the difficulties of learning Russian by Afghans, the researchers conclude about the prospects of using social networks in the early stages of learning Russian as a foreign language.

The aim of the study was to study the role of motivation in improving the efficiency of pro­fessional activity of employees in the organization. Methods. Motivational test (F. Hertzberg); methodology “Study of the motivational profile of personality” (S. Ritchie and P. Martin); questionnaire “Life satisfaction” (UJ) (N.N. Melnikova); questionnaire “Social well-being” (SB) (N.N. Melnikova); methodology “Motivation of professional activity” (K. Zamfir modified by A. Rean). Results. It is proved that employees with internal mo­tivation of activity are distinguished by higher performance indicators, manifested in efficiency, striving for self-development, in a creative approach to work and professional demand. Conclusions. In the course of the study, the importance of the formation of external and internal personnel's motivation as the imple­mentation of an integrated approach to the work motivation in the organization is determined.

The aim of the study is to substantiate the need and identify the features of the graphomo­tor skills formation in children of older preschool age with mental retardation through productive activities. Methods: analysis of psychological and pedagogical research, observation, pedagogical experiment. Result. Productive activities, when systematically applied in the framework of classes with children in preschool educational institutions, contribute to the graphomotor skills effective formation in children of older pre­school age with mental retardation. Conclusion. An analysis of the experience of educational activities made it possible to determine effective pedagogical conditions for the formation of graphomotor skills in children of older preschool age with mental retardation.

The aim of the research is to study of the volunteers' motivation who provide voluntary as­sistance to people with health limitations and disabilities. Methods. Focus groups, volunteer surveys. Results. In the course of the pilot study, some motives for the participation of volunteers in inclusive volun­teering have been identified, which will further develop a methodology for their involvement in the system of social support for people with disabilities. Almost all inclusion volunteers have experience in other volun­teer activities. The socio-demographic characteristics of an inclusion volunteer are most often girls aged 18 to 23 who have joined the experience of volunteering at a university or public organization, and about a fifth of them themselves are people with disabilities or disabilities. Conclusions. The leading motives for partici­pation in volunteering activities are the opportunity to benefit people, new experience, communication with interesting people, participation in public life, the opportunity to be active. Most inclusion volunteers are attracted by the opportunity to help a group of people or in organizing events for people with health limita­tions and disabilities, rather than one person.

Аim. In this article, based on the analysis of Chinese philosophy and historical research, pa­rental education in modern China is considered and studied. Methods. Literature and data analysis, histori­cal and pedagogical analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Results. Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhist culture have different views on life to meet the multifaceted needs that people may have in reali­ty, and have an important impact on the psychological regulation of people and the pursuit of life values, as well as on maintaining a healthy psyche. The ideas of "以佛治心，以道治身，以儒治世" (Buddhism for the spirit, Taoism for the body and Confucianism for the outside world)" and today, when society is developing rapidly, they can serve as a source of enlightenment for modern education in the field of mental health. Conclusion. Modern education should be an organic combination of school education and parenting. The Chinese philosophy of education demonstrates a harmonious combination of traditional education and state policy aimed at educating a citizen of the country.